PSI Exam Help Master Guide

A) Exam + Licensing Overview

The moving parts (and how they actually fit)

Real estate licensure is a pipeline with four different rule-makers. Mixing them up is the #1 reason candidates waste time and money.

• Pre-licensing education (STATE + SCHOOL/PROVIDER rules) You take required hours/courses from an approved school/provider; the state decides how many hours and what topics, and the school decides delivery, grading, final exams, retake policies, etc.
• Licensing exam (PSI exam administration + STATE exam blueprint) PSI Services LLC delivers the exam; your state licensing authority defines what must be tested (national vs state law, weights, passing rules, score validity, etc.) inside the state’s PSI Candidate Information Bulletin (CIB).
• Background check / fingerprinting (STATE policy) Some states require fingerprint-based criminal history checks before applying, others after, others via specific vendors. Example: Colorado Division of Real Estate lists a distinct background-check step for initial licensure.
• Application + fees + sponsorship/broker affiliation (STATE policy) Many states require an employing broker/sponsor before your license can be issued/activated (example: Michigan salesperson licensing guide).

Labeling system you should use while studying (so you don’t memorize the wrong rules)

• [PSI] = exam-day logistics, scheduling mechanics, security rules (as implemented by PSI, but can be tightened by your state/sponsor)
• [STATE] = licensure eligibility, required hours, application deadlines, score validity, sponsorship, background checks
• [SCHOOL] = course format, proctored finals, completion certificates, internal deadlines

Common misconceptions that sink candidates

1. “PSI sets the licensing requirements.” False. PSI administers the test; the state sets licensure rules and usually dictates what content appears in the state portion.
2. “If I pass the exam, I’m automatically licensed.” Passing is often just one step; you may still need an application, sponsorship, insurance, and/or background checks.
3. “Calculator rules are universal.” They aren’t. Some states provide an on-screen calculator and forbid personal calculators; others allow a simple non-programmable calculator.
4. “My passing score is valid forever.” Often not—many states have a score/application validity window (examples range from 6 months to 1 year).

Comparison table: Salesperson vs Broker (what’s typical + how to verify)

Comparison table: National vs State portions (how PSI states commonly package it)

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B) Eligibility & Requirements (State-Specific)

Because you didn’t specify a state yet, this section is built as a state-specific extraction worksheet + verified examples to show how much rules vary.

The “State Requirements Worksheet” (fill this from your state’s CIB + licensing page)

Background check, fingerprinting, disclosures (how to handle safely)

• Treat “background check” as two separate systems:

• [STATE] disclosure questions (“good moral character” / convictions / discipline) (example: MI guide).

• [STATE] fingerprints/criminal history checks (example: CO lists a background check step).
• Strategy: collect documents before you apply (court dispositions, satisfaction of probation, reinstatement letters). States often require official documentation when you answer “yes” to history questions.

ID requirements and name matching (high-stakes, no mercy)

• Many PSI programs require your legal first/last name to match your ID exactly; if not, you can be denied admission and lose the fee.
• Online proctoring ID rules can differ: PSI’s online proctoring guidance notes you need a valid government-issued photo ID and that military IDs and credit cards are not accepted for online proctored tests.

Accommodations (ADA) and alternative arrangements

• PSI test centers are equipped for ADA access and accommodations; the request mechanism and scheduling method can differ by program/state.
• Example variation: MI bulletin indicates accommodated candidates must schedule by telephone after approval.
• Build a buffer: even when PSI can process requests quickly, documentation back-and-forth can add time; prioritize this before you lock an exam date.

Special cases (prior convictions, name changes, out-of-state, reciprocity/endorsement)

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C) Exam Blueprint & Content (PSI/State-Correct)

National topics vs state-specific topics (how PSI states usually define it)

• National (a.k.a. “Principles & Practices”): largely consistent outline across PSI programs, with topic weights.
• State-specific: state statutes/rules/commission regulations/contracts/forms; always state-defined and varies heavily.
• Some states confirm explicitly they test two parts: national + state (example: MD).

Blueprint table (national portion) — use this to allocate your study time

The weights below come from an official PSI CIB content outline (MI) and are representative of how PSI structures the national exam blueprint; your state may use a two-part or integrated format, but the national outline categories are highly reusable.

State-specific blueprint (what it usually contains)

Question types and trap patterns (describe, don’t memorize fake questions)

PSI-style exams are mostly four-option multiple choice, with distractors that exploit:

• “Most/Best” language (choose the most complete answer)
• Timeline and notice rules (delivery/acceptance/contingencies)
• Role-based duties (agent vs broker vs property manager)
• Two-step math (unit conversion + percentage, or proration + net proceeds)

Question archetypes (you should train on)

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D) Exam Format, Timing & Delivery

PSI test-center vs remote/online (state-dependent — verify)

PSI supports both test centers and online proctoring where the licensing sponsor/state allows it.

Check-in minute-by-minute (practical playbook)

Test Center (typical)

Online Proctoring

Allowed items, calculators, scratch paper (MUST verify for your state)

Rules can conflict across states; your CIB is the authority.

Common failure points + fixes

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E) Scoring, Passing & Retakes

Passing score rules (state/PSI specific)

Passing can be reported as:

• Percent correct (example: MA requires minimum 70% correct).
• Raw score thresholds per portion (example: CO shows National passing raw 60; State passing raw 53).
• Different broker thresholds (example: MI: salesperson 70% vs broker 75%).

Score reporting (what you see immediately)

• Many PSI programs provide an on-screen result and/or emailed score report, often including a diagnostic by exam type if you fail.

Retakes: waiting periods, limits, fees (verify — varies)

• Example of PSI-style retake timing: MA bulletin says you can retest quickly (processing time prevents same-day scheduling; next-day call, retest as soon as space allows).
• MI bulletin also uses the 2-day cancellation rule and indicates missed appointments forfeit fees; exam fees are nonrefundable and can expire if you don’t test within a year of registration/fee receipt.

Score validity window for license application (high variability)

Retake decision guidance (when retaking helps vs harms)

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F) Scheduling & Registration (Step-by-Step)

Step-by-step workflow (two common state models)

Create PSI account (avoid the #1 registration error)

• Many CIBs specify: first/last name must match exactly with government-issued ID.

Scheduling, rescheduling, cancellations (the “2-day rule” shows up repeatedly)

• MI and MA bulletins both state PSI must receive cancellation at least 2 days before the exam date (e.g., Monday exam → cancel by Saturday).
• Voicemail/email may be unacceptable as cancellation methods (explicitly stated in both MI and MA bulletins).

Common registration errors + how to avoid them

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G) Costs, Fees & Budgeting

Budget reality: “Passing the exam” is not the total cost

Expect costs in 5 buckets:

1. Pre-licensing education (school/provider)
2. Exam fee(s) (PSI)
3. Application/license fee(s) (state)
4. Background check/fingerprints (state/vendor)
5. Post-licensure activation costs (broker onboarding, insurance, MLS—state/market dependent)

Verified example costs (to show variability — don’t assume these are yours)

Budget template (copy/paste and fill)

Legal cost-reduction strategies

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H) Prep Strategy (Beginner → Elite)

This section is built on (1) the official PSI topic-weight outline and (2) high-evidence learning methods: practice testing + spaced practice + retrieval.

Diagnostic by topic weight (the “80/20” engine)

Start by ranking topics by:

1. Weight (from CIB)
2. Your accuracy (from a diagnostic set)
3. Ease of improvement (math + contracts often improve fastest)

Priority Index = Weight × (1 − Accuracy) Example: Contracts is 19% and you’re at 50% → 0.19 × 0.50 = 0.095 “pain score” (high).

Study plan menu (choose by timeline)

Daily schedules (30 / 60 / 120 minutes)

Practice question methodology + error log (this is your score multiplier)

Use a 3-layer error log:

1. Concept (what you didn’t know)
2. Trap (why the wrong answer looked right)
3. Rule statement (your corrected “one-sentence law”)

Math drill system (real estate math essentials from official outlines)

Official outlines explicitly include items like prorations, PITI estimates, LTV, points, cap rate/equity concepts.

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I) High-ROI Strategies by Topic

Below are exam-optimized strategies tied to the official topic outline (national) plus high-authority federal references for key laws.

High-ROI topic table (what to do, not just what to read)

“Top 25 mistakes” with fixes (condensed)

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J) Official Resources & Quality Prep

PSI/state bulletin: how to confirm it’s the latest version

Every PSI CIB typically includes an “Updated” date (example: MI bulletin “Updated 10/1/2023”). Also, PSI’s test-taker portal emphasizes using program-specific guides and the latest testing information.

Verification checklist

Approved education resources (state-controlled)

• States often provide “approved providers” lists and sometimes publish school pass rates (example: CO page links to school selection and exam pass rates).
• Licensing guides may link to occupational codes and administrative rules (example: MI guide).

Red flags in prep providers / outdated materials

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K) Test-Day Strategy & Anxiety Control

Pacing and triage (pacing math you can actually use)

Your pacing depends on (total scored questions) ÷ (minutes allowed) from your state’s exam table.

Triage rule

1. First pass: answer all “easy wins” fast
2. Flag anything >90 seconds
3. Return for medium; last for hardest math/long fact patterns

Guessing strategy (maximize points legally)

What to do if tech fails or admission issues happen (PSI escalation)

• Online proctoring: PSI indicates you should use the in-exam chat tool for help.
• Online proctoring: you’ll be asked to scan your room; notes/tissues/drinks may need removal depending on sponsor.
• Test center: arrive early; missing required identification can lead to denial and fee forfeiture.

Anxiety control (evidence-backed, simple)

Anxiety is a future-oriented stress response; controlling physiology helps cognitive performance. Deep breathing is a practical technique to reduce acute stress symptoms.

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L) After the Exam: Licensing Steps

The post-exam reality

Passing is often a trigger that starts a deadline clock (application window, background check, sponsorship activation).

End-to-end “After you pass” workflow (state-dependent)

Post-exam compliance checklist (copy/paste)

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N) Location Guide

Tell me these 4 inputs (so I can produce a fully state-locked, numbers-verified version)

How to pull the exact PSI CIB + state commission rules (fast)

Use PSI’s test-taker program search to locate your program page and download the current Candidate Information Bulletin for your state. PSI also maintains a real estate licensure hub describing delivery modalities and the state/national nature of their programs (use it to confirm you’re in the right ecosystem).

What to verify from the CIB (do this before you study hard)

Verification checklist (print this)

Below is a fully expanded, no-skips answer set for all 84 FAQs. Because PSI + licensing rules are program-by-program and state-by-state, every answer tells you (1) what’s generally true, (2) what varies, and (3) exactly where the “source of truth” lives (PSI vs state commission vs school/provider).

Examples referenced come from Michigan, Massachusetts, Colorado, Maryland, and District of Columbia, plus PSI’s global test-day policies from PSI Services LLC.

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Quick “source of truth” map (use this to verify anything fast)

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Expanded FAQs (All 84)

Exam structure & content

1) Is the PSI exam the same in every state?

No—PSI delivers the exam, but the licensing authority controls what exam you take. The national concepts are similar across states, but:

• Format differs: some states use one combined exam (example: MI shows a single salesperson exam and a single broker exam).
• Others use separate national/general + state law portions (examples: MA, MD, CO, DC). How to verify: open your state’s CIB and find the “Examination Summary Table” / “Description of Examinations.”

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2) Does the PSI exam have a “national” and “state” portion?

Often yes, but not always.

• Two-part model: MA (“General” + “State”), MD (“National” + “State”), CO (National + State), DC (National + DC portion).
• Single-exam model: MI shows a single salesperson and broker exam with one question count/time each. Why it matters: in two-part states, you may be able to retake only the failed portion (program-specific). Example: DC explicitly says you only retake the portion you failed, but must pass within a time window. Verify: CIB → exam summary table + retake rules section.

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3) How many questions are on the exam? How much time do I get?

It varies by program. Examples (do not assume these match your state):

• MI salesperson: 115 questions, 180 minutes; MI broker: 115 questions, 210 minutes.
• MA: 80 general + 40 state (120 total), 240 minutes total.
• MD salesperson: 80 national + 30 state (110 total), 120 minutes total.
• CO broker: National 80 questions (120 min) + State 74 questions (110 min). Verify: your CIB’s summary table (it’s the only safe source for your exact numbers).

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4) Are all questions multiple choice?

For PSI real estate licensing exams, the exam is delivered via computer and is commonly multiple-choice. Your CIB will specify the computer-based delivery and exam structure. Actionable tip: study as if every question is a multiple-choice decision under time pressure: train (a) fast elimination, (b) spotting exceptions, and (c) math setup speed.

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5) Is there real estate math on the exam?

Yes—math is embedded in typical national-topic areas (valuation, financing, measurement, prorations). Content outlines in PSI bulletins explicitly include math-adjacent topics like land measurement and valuation. What varies: whether you get an on-screen calculator only, time pressure, and how heavily math shows up. (See calculator FAQ #39.) How to verify: CIB content outline + any “calculator” language under security procedures.

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6) What topics are tested most heavily?

Your CIB’s content outline is the official weighting/blueprint. For example, PSI outlines commonly include domains such as Property Ownership, Land Use Controls, Valuation, Financing, etc. High-accuracy method:

1. Print your outline.
2. Convert each line item into a checklist.
3. Build practice sets that mirror the outline headings. Verify: the outline in your exact CIB (not a prep company’s “generic” outline).

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7) Are there “experimental” questions?

Many PSI real estate programs include 5–10 unscored experimental questions. This is explicitly stated in multiple CIBs (examples: MI, MA, MD). What that means for you:

• Your screen might show more questions than your “scored” total.
• You won’t know which are experimental, so treat every question as scored. Verify: CIB section titled “Experimental Questions.”

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8) Are there trick questions?

They’re not “tricks,” but PSI-style exams frequently use trap patterns:

• “EXCEPT / NOT” stems (see FAQ #81)
• look-alike answer choices (same concept, different legal consequence)
• “best” answer vs “true” answer How to counter: underline the task word (best, first, must, may, except). Then predict the answer before looking at options.

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9) Does PSI reuse questions from old exams?

PSI item banks evolve, and CIBs note the role of experimental questions in developing future exams. Practical takeaway: don’t chase “leaked questions” (it’s unreliable and can be illegal). Instead, master the blueprint and do high-quality mixed practice (see #69–#72).

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10) Is the broker exam harder than the salesperson exam?

Usually yes—brokers are held to a broader/higher standard and may have different pass rules/time. Examples:

• MI broker requires higher passing % and higher raw passing score than salesperson, and longer time.
• CO broker requires passing both National and State portions. Study implication: don’t just “add more hours.” Expand depth in contracts, brokerage operations, supervision, compliance, and risk management as required by your outline.

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Eligibility & pre-licensing

11) Do I need a high school diploma / GED?

This is state-dependent. Many states require a minimum education level; others don’t emphasize it. Best practice: read your state licensing eligibility rules and compare to your school’s enrollment requirements (schools can be stricter than the state). Verification step: state commission “license qualifications” page + your CIB prerequisites section (if present).

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12) Do I need to be a U.S. citizen?

Citizenship requirements vary by state; many states instead focus on identity verification and legal eligibility to work. What never changes: your identity must match registration and acceptable IDs must be valid/unexpired. PSI and CIBs stress exact name matching and required IDs. Verification step: state commission eligibility + CIB “Required Identification.”

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13) Do I need to be a state resident?

Often no, but some states add conditions (in-state schooling, consent to jurisdiction, etc.). Examples showing flexibility: MI indicates you can test at PSI centers in many other regions across the U.S. But don’t assume: DC has specific licensing rules and deadlines tied to DC licensure. Verification step: state commission residency requirements + CIB testing locations language.

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14) Can I take the exam before finishing pre-licensing education?

Usually no—most programs require course completion before you’re eligible to test.

• MD CIB lists pre-licensing hours and says you must pass within 1 year of course completion; it also describes how eligibility is transmitted to PSI (for salespersons).
• CO licensing steps start with education completion/certificate, then exam scheduling. Exception possibility: some states allow scheduling after partial completion, but only if state rules allow it (rare). Verification step: CIB “Prerequisites” + state commission pre-licensing rules.

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15) Can I take the state portion first and national later?

It depends on whether your program is split into portions and how scheduling is configured.

• MA shows separate General and State portions (and “Both”).
• MD and CO also separate National/State. Some programs let you schedule “both” in one appointment; others let you schedule separately. Verification step: CIB scheduling instructions + exam summary table.

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16) How long is my education completion good for?

This is a high-stakes deadline and varies.

• MD exam page says: pass both portions and apply for licensure within one year or the score expires; passing score validity is tied to course completion deadlines.
• MD CIB says you must pass both portions within 1 year of course completion (for both salesperson and broker pre-licensing).
• CO background-check timing includes a 60-day fingerprint-results window for application processing. Verification step: your state’s “apply within X time” rule + your CIB’s eligibility expiration language.

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17) What’s the difference between a “certificate of completion” and “authorization to test”?

They are not the same:

• Certificate of completion = your school’s proof you completed required education (state-required content/hours).
• Authorization/eligibility to test = the licensing authority (or school, depending on state) has transmitted eligibility into PSI’s system. PSI notes that for programs requiring eligibility, scheduling is generally available within 24–48 hours after authorization is received. Example: MI requires salesperson candidates to be authorized by the state before scheduling; the authorization is submitted electronically to PSI. Action: if PSI “can’t find you,” it’s often an eligibility/authorization issue (#27).

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18) Do I need fingerprinting before or after the exam?

State-dependent. Typical patterns:

• Before application (often after passing): CO requires fingerprint-based background check, and notes applications won’t be processed without results; fingerprint results can be destroyed if the application isn’t received within 60 days, so timing matters.
• Some states do prints earlier; others after exam pass. Verification step: state commission “background check” instructions + CIB/commission exam instructions.

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19) What if I have a criminal record?

You must treat this as a disclosure + documentation issue, not a “maybe it’s fine” issue.

• CO application instructions emphasize background-section disclosures and uploading court/agency documentation when “yes” answers occur.

• MD CIB indicates special handling if a criminal offense or prior real estate disciplinary action is involved (manual application may be required). Best practice workflow:

• Pull your records (charges, disposition, completion of probation/parole).

• Draft a concise, factual statement (no excuses; emphasize rehabilitation and compliance).
• Submit exactly what the commission requests. Verification step: your state commission’s “disclose crimes” FAQ / application instructions.

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20) What if my name changed?

Name matching is strict. Examples:

• MA CIB says you must register with your legal first/last name as it appears on government ID; if it doesn’t match exactly, you can be denied admission and forfeit the fee.
• MI CIB says first and last name must match exactly with your valid government-issued ID. Fix: update PSI profile and/or provide supporting documentation per program rules (marriage certificate, court order) well in advance. Rule of thumb: do not “hope the proctor allows it.” They usually cannot override policy.

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21) Do I need a sponsoring broker before I test?

Often no, but sometimes yes (or it’s irrelevant until application). Example: MI licensing guide distinguishes exam vs licensure completion and notes employing broker notification is required to become licensed. Verification step: state licensing guide: “when affiliation is required” + CIB “licensure process.”

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22) Do I need a sponsoring broker before I apply for the license?

Frequently yes for an active license (state-specific).

• MI guide explicitly requires employing broker notification and describes entering employing broker license number to complete licensure issuance.
• MD CIB says for active licensure, affiliation with a licensed MD real estate broker is required. Decision tip: interview brokerages while you’re studying so affiliation doesn’t delay issuance.

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23) Can I apply for the license in one state and work in another?

Usually, you can only practice in states where you’re licensed (subject to each state’s rules). Some states have limited portability; many require separate licensure. Verification step: look up your target state’s portability/reciprocity policy on the commission site (often under “out-of-state licensees”).

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24) Does my out-of-state license help me?

Sometimes. There are three common “helpful” pathways:

1. Reciprocity / limited recognition agreements (reduced requirements). Example: CO references “limited recognition agreements” requiring certified license history.
2. Endorsement (you’re licensed elsewhere; you still must meet conditions and often pass state-law portion). Example: DC endorsement requirements include passing the DC portion and submitting certification letter dated within 90 days.
3. Education credit (your coursework may be accepted in part). Verification step: state commission “out-of-state” page + required “certified license history” wording.

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25) What’s “reciprocity” vs “endorsement” vs “portability”?

• Reciprocity: State A and State B have a formal agreement reducing requirements.
• Endorsement: You’re licensed elsewhere; the state grants licensure if you meet conditions (often still a state-law exam). DC uses endorsement language and still requires DC portion + certification letter.
• Portability: Rules about whether you can perform business physically/virtually across borders (varies widely). Verification step: commission site definitions + out-of-state applicant checklist.

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Registration & scheduling

26) Where do I register—state site or PSI?

Depends on the state workflow:

• Some states require a state portal step first (MI salesperson: apply via MiPLUS, then state authorizes and transmits eligibility to PSI).
• Others push you directly to PSI after education provider transmits eligibility (MD salesperson eligibility transmitted electronically).
• CO says PSI is the exam vendor; state gives steps (education → exam → background check → application). Verification step: state commission “how to apply” + CIB “Examination Payment and Scheduling Procedures.”

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27) Why can’t PSI find me / says I’m not eligible?

Most common causes:

1. Your eligibility file hasn’t been uploaded/transmitted yet (school/state delay). PSI says eligibility-driven scheduling is typically available within 24–48 hours after authorization is received.
2. Name mismatch between school/state submission and your PSI account (MI and MA both emphasize exact name match to ID).
3. Wrong exam title selected (sales vs broker vs reciprocity vs continuing education). CO CIB warns reciprocal candidates not to register for the wrong exam. Fix: confirm your eligibility date, your exact legal name, and your correct exam category.

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28) How soon after finishing school can I schedule?

If eligibility is required, PSI indicates scheduling often becomes available within 24–48 hours after authorization is received. But:

• Some states may batch uploads or require a separate portal action first (MI salesperson).
• If you’re close to an eligibility expiration window (MD), schedule immediately once eligible.

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29) How do I pick test center vs remote?

Two filters decide this:

1. Is remote allowed for your program? PSI says web delivery is available if your sponsor allows it.

2. Can you comply with remote rules? MI’s remote rules include: no scratch paper, no breaks, no talking, must stay in camera view. Decision rule:

3. Choose test center if your home environment is not perfectly controllable (noise, roommates, unstable internet).

4. Choose remote only if you can pass a strict environment check and tolerate “no breaks.”

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30) Can I schedule both portions on the same day?

Often yes in two-part states (CIB may list “Both”). Examples: MA and MD show “Both.” But: some programs require separate appointments for national and state portions; others deliver both in one sitting. Verify: CIB exam table and scheduling instructions for your state.

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31) What’s the reschedule/cancel policy?

This is program-specific. Examples:

• MI: cancel/reschedule without forfeiting if notice is received 2 days before the scheduled exam date; voicemail/email is not acceptable.
• DC: minimum 2 calendar days before; exam fee not refundable/transferable and valid for one year from payment date.
• PSI general guidance: typically requires 2 business days to rebook without penalty, but you must check your program’s rules. Best practice: treat the strictest rule as your rule unless your CIB explicitly says otherwise.

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32) What if I’m late?

In many programs, late arrival can mean you’re not admitted and you forfeit the fee. MI lists arriving after start time as a forfeiture trigger. PSI also recommends arriving 30 minutes early for check-in. Action: aim to be parked 45 minutes early, door-check-in 30 minutes early.

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33) What if my test center closes for weather?

Typically you’re rescheduled without penalty. MI says PSI will attempt to contact you and you can check status; you will not be penalized and will be rescheduled at no additional charge. Action: keep your phone/email accessible before leaving, and check PSI status if severe weather is expected.

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34) Can I retake the same week?

It depends on (a) your program’s waiting period (if any) and (b) appointment availability. Some programs let you reschedule quickly; some impose limits or time windows. Example: DC requires any failed portion be passed within six months of the first exam attempt. Smart approach: if you missed by a small margin and have time, a quick retake can be efficient (#64). If you missed badly, wait and remediate.

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35) How many times can I retake?

Varies by state/program. Many programs functionally allow multiple attempts within an eligibility window, but some impose caps or require education refresh. What you can verify reliably from official text:

• DC ties your fee validity to 1 year and requires passing failed portion within 6 months of first attempt.
• MI fee expires after 1 year if you don’t test. Verification step: your CIB “Registering for a Retake” + state commission retake limits (if any).

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36) Can I appeal a question or challenge a score?

Usually you cannot “appeal” in a courtroom sense, but many PSI programs allow you to submit comments during the exam for item review. Example: MI says comments can be entered via the Comments link; PSI reviews substantive comments and may re-evaluate results if a discrepancy is found; it states this is the only review available. Best practice:

• Comment only when you can articulate a specific issue (ambiguity, two correct answers, factual error).
• Don’t spam; quality > quantity.

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Exam-day logistics & rules

37) What IDs do I need?

Most programs require two forms of valid, unexpired ID, usually with at least one government-issued photo ID. Examples:

• MA requires two forms of signature-bearing ID and lists acceptable primary/secondary IDs; warns mismatches can cause denial + forfeiture.
• MI requires 2 IDs and warns failure results in forfeiture and paying again. Action: bring two IDs that match your PSI registration name exactly.

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38) My ID has a middle name; my PSI account doesn’t. Problem?

It can be, depending on strictness. Both MA and MI emphasize exact match to government ID for first/last name. Best practice:

• Use the name format your CIB requires (often legal first + legal last).
• If your ID shows a middle name/initial, avoid inconsistencies by matching your PSI profile as closely as the system permits and keep supporting documentation ready. If uncertain: contact PSI well before exam day (CIBs often require advance notice if ID won’t meet security requirements).

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39) Can I bring my own calculator?

Program-specific. Some programs explicitly prohibit personal calculators and provide an on-screen calculator.

• MA: “An online calculator will be provided; personal calculators will not be permitted.”
• MI security lists “handheld calculators” among prohibited electronic devices. Action: assume you cannot bring a calculator unless your CIB explicitly allows a specific type.

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40) Will PSI give me scratch paper?

Varies by program and delivery mode:

• MA: test center provides scratch paper and a pencil (returned after exam).
• MI: test center provides an LCD writing tablet that must be returned.
• MI remote: candidates are not allowed scratch paper. Action: practice math using (a) minimal notes, and (b) digital scratch style (short, clean setups).

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41) Can I bring notes, books, or a formula sheet?

Usually no, but there are notable program exceptions.

• MI allows reference books (with restrictions) and prohibits study guides; books can be highlighted/underlined/indexed but otherwise unmarked; sample exams are not allowed.
• MA restricts items brought into the room and stores personal belongings. Action: never assume open-book—verify your CIB security procedures.

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42) Can I bring water or snacks?

Typically not into the testing room. PSI says personal items are not permitted in testing rooms and secure storage is provided; for online proctored, desk items like drinks may need to be removed during room scan. Action: hydrate and eat before check-in; keep anything needed in your locker/car for after.

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43) Can I take breaks?

Often:

• Test center: restroom breaks may be allowed with permission, but you don’t get extra time (example: MI).
• Remote: breaks may be prohibited (MI remote explicitly: breaks NOT allowed). Action: if you need breaks for medical reasons, pursue accommodations early.

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44) What should I wear?

Wear something that won’t trigger security issues:

• Avoid hats/headgear unless religious; avoid bulky outerwear that can be required to remove. MI lists hats and bulky clothing as prohibited.
• MA notes close-fitting jackets/sweatshirts may be exceptions, but belongings typically must be stored. Practical outfit: light layers, fitted hoodie/zip, no big pockets, simple glasses, minimal jewelry.

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45) What gets people disqualified?

Most common disqualifiers come from PSI security rules:

• Possessing/using electronic devices (phones, smart watches).
• Talking/communicating (in person or remote).
• Leaving the building / using devices during exam (PSI rule).
• Remote: moving out of camera view, having prohibited items in sight, whispering/mouthing. Action: treat the exam like a secure lab: eyes on screen, hands visible, no self-talk.

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46) What if the computer freezes?

PSI test centers/proctors manage technical issues; your CIB or PSI guidance will specify procedures. PSI test-taker resources emphasize working with the proctor and secure testing processes for online proctoring (chat tool). Action:

1. Stop clicking.
2. Signal proctor immediately (raise hand in center; use chat online).
3. Don’t attempt to “fix” it yourself (that can look like tampering).

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47) Can I change answers after flagging?

Computer-based exams generally allow review navigation unless the program uses locked sections. MI describes computer-based testing with a question screen/tutorial process. Best practice: flag only questions you can realistically revisit; don’t create a backlog you can’t clear.

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48) Are headphones/earplugs allowed?

This is program/test-center specific. Some centers provide noise reduction; others inspect and allow certain items; others prohibit. Verification step: your CIB security procedures + PSI “pre-approved comfort aids” list (if your sponsor permits).

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49) Can I use the restroom?

Often yes (test center) with permission, but no extra time. MI explicitly says candidates may leave only to use restroom after permission and receive no extra time. Remote may be stricter and “no breaks” can effectively mean no restroom (program-dependent).

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50) How early should I arrive?

PSI advises arriving 30 minutes early for test centers. Some CIBs also stress 30 minutes early and warn late arrival can mean forfeiture (example: MA). Action: aim for 45 minutes early to buffer parking/security lines.

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51) What happens during check-in?

Typically includes: identity verification, security screening, storing belongings, and being seated. PSI security rules include locker storage, powering off electronics, and prohibited-items checks. Remote check-in typically includes ID verification and a room scan; PSI resources say check-in takes ~10–15 minutes and can begin up to 15 minutes early.

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52) Is remote proctoring harder?

Not academically, but operationally it’s stricter:

• Room/environment requirements, camera line-of-sight, no talking, no scratch paper in some programs, no breaks (MI remote).
• Check-in takes time and requires stable tech; PSI notes check-in 10–15 minutes and system requirements. If your goal is “minimize risk,” test center is usually safer unless you have an ideal home setup.

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53) What if my internet drops?

Remote exams can be terminated or paused depending on platform rules; you must follow proctor instructions. MI requires sufficient internet service and prohibits changing computers/spaces. Action (remote): hardwire if possible, stop all background downloads, use a stable private network (not public Wi‑Fi), and run the system check early per PSI guidance.

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54) What if the proctor says my room isn’t compliant?

Then you may be required to correct the environment before the exam is released or you risk forfeiture. PSI notes you’ll be asked to scan the room and remove desk items; sponsors can set stricter rules. MI remote lists environment must be clear/quiet with no unauthorized persons; no scratch paper; no breaks. Action: set up a “zero-item desk,” clear walls, close doors, remove phones, remove papers, and inform household members.

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55) How do I avoid getting flagged for cheating?

Follow the explicit “prohibited behavior” list:

• Don’t speak aloud, read questions aloud, mouth words, look away repeatedly, or cover your mouth for long periods (MI remote warns talking/whispering/mouthing is not allowed and to avoid covering mouth).
• Keep hands visible and eyes on screen; follow proctor instructions.
• Keep your workspace clear; no prohibited items in reach/line of sight.

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Scoring, passing & results

56) How is the exam scored?

Your score report will show pass/fail and often a breakdown by content area. Passing rules can be expressed as percent, raw score, or “correct needed.” Examples:

• MI shows passing % and passing raw score.
• CO shows “60 correct” / “53 correct” by portion.
• MD says at least 70% per portion (commission page) and uses points by portion in CIB table. Key point: scoring model is program-defined—do not rely on generic internet claims.

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57) What’s a “scaled score”?

A scaled score converts raw performance into a standardized reporting scale to account for slight form differences. Not every real estate program emphasizes scaled scoring publicly; some focus on raw/percent. Practical takeaway: whether scaled or raw, your job is the same—maximize correct answers in the tested blueprint.

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58) What score do I need to pass?

Varies by program:

• MI salesperson: 70% and raw 80; broker: 75% and raw 90.
• CO: national 60 correct; state 53 correct (broker exam portions).
• MD: commission says at least 70% per portion.
• DC endorsement language indicates DC portion minimum 75% (salesperson). Verification step: the passing-score line in your CIB (or commission exam page).

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59) When do I get my results?

Often immediately at the end of computer-based testing. Commission pages may add processing timelines for application steps. Example: MD says allow 3–5 business days after passing each portion to receive email with registration number and application instructions. Verify: CIB “Score Reporting” section and any commission “after you pass” notes.

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60) Does PSI show what I got wrong?

Generally, you’ll receive diagnostic feedback by topic area, not item-by-item answers (to preserve exam security). MI describes comment review but does not promise item disclosure. How to use diagnostics: treat each domain under 70% as a targeted sprint (see #65).

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61) How long is my passing score valid?

Highly state-specific. Examples:

• DC: exam fee valid one year from payment date; failed portion must be passed within six months; and candidates must apply for a license within six months of passing.
• MD: must apply for licensure within one year or score expires; passing score validity ties back to course completion deadlines. Action: write your deadlines into your calendar the day you pass.

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62) What if I pass one portion and fail the other?

In split-portion states, you typically retake only the failed portion, but must do so within required time windows. DC explicitly describes this structure. Action: schedule the failed portion quickly, then study the failed domain areas intensely.

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63) Do I have to pay again for a retake?

Almost always yes (retakes generally require paying again or using remaining eligibility/fee validity). DC warns exam fees are not refundable/transferable and are valid for one year from payment. MI warns fees are nonrefundable and expire after one year if you don’t test. Verify: “Registering for a Retake” and “Examination Fee” sections in your CIB.

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64) If I fail, should I retake immediately or wait?

Use a rules-based decision:

• Retake quickly (3–10 days) if you were close and your diagnostic shows only 1–3 weak domains.
• Wait (2–4+ weeks) if you failed by a wide margin or you ran out of time due to pacing. Also consider program windows (DC: must pass failed portion within 6 months; MD: score validity deadlines). Best practice: don’t “hope” the next form is easier—fix the weak domains.

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65) How do I interpret a “diagnostic” report?

Treat it like a ranked to-do list:

1. Sort domains from lowest to highest.
2. For each low domain, identify whether the problem is (a) vocabulary, (b) rule confusion, (c) math setup, or (d) time pressure.
3. Run a 3-pass fix: learn → drill → mixed practice. Evidence-based method: practice testing + spaced repetition outperform rereading/highlighting.

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66) Can I get a duplicate score report later?

Program-specific. Some programs let you request duplicates through PSI processes; check your CIB and PSI support. PSI test-taker support page is the correct place to start for administrative questions.

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67) If I fail multiple times, will my license application be harmed?

Usually failing itself is not “discipline,” but it can trigger:

• education expiration issues,
• re-education requirements, or
• delays that cause you to miss application deadlines. Example: MD ties passing validity to deadlines; DC requires applying within six months of passing. Action: repeated failures = change strategy (diagnostic-based study plan + timed simulations).

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68) Can I take the exam in another language?

Language availability is program-dependent. Some PSI materials are bilingual (MI bulletin notes Spanish translation begins in later pages), but that does not automatically mean the live exam is offered in Spanish. Verification step: your CIB will explicitly state if alternate language exams exist; if it’s silent, assume English-only and use permitted aids (e.g., MI allows a word-to-word translation dictionary under strict rules).

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Study strategy & time management

69) What’s the best overall study approach?

Use an evidence-based loop:

1. Blueprint-first: build your plan from the CIB outline.
2. Retrieval practice: do practice questions as a learning tool (testing effect).
3. Spaced practice: revisit weak topics across days/weeks instead of cramming (distributed practice effect).
4. Timed sets: at least 30–40% of your practice should be timed under exam pacing.

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70) How many practice questions do I need?

There’s no universal number, but there is a universal standard: enough to make your errors repeatably disappear. A high-performing benchmark is:

• 800–1500 mixed questions total (split across weeks), with at least
• 4–8 timed mini-exams and
• 1–2 full-length simulations (per portion). Quality rule: practice testing is high-utility; mindless rereading is low-utility.

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71) Should I memorize vocabulary lists?

Yes—but do it functionally, not as a glossary. Method:

• Convert terms into “if/then” rules and mini-scenarios (e.g., “If a client is a customer, then what duties apply?”).
• Drill with flashcards using spaced repetition, not massed cramming.

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72) How do I build an “error log”?

Use a structured log with these columns:

• Topic (from CIB outline)
• Question type (definition / exception / math setup / law application)
• Why missed (knowledge gap vs trap vs time)
• Correct rule (1–2 lines)
• “Trigger phrase” to spot next time Then:
• Review the log every 2–3 days
• Re-drill the same concept until you can explain it without notes This leverages retrieval practice as a learning mechanism.

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73) What’s the fastest way to improve real estate math?

Focus on setups, not calculators:

• Build a one-page “math map” (area/volume, prorations, LTV, points, DTI, commission splits).
• Drill 10–15 minutes/day with mixed, timed problems.
• Practice without scratch-paper dependency if remote rules prohibit it (MI remote). And remember: your program may prohibit personal calculators (MA) and handheld calculators (MI).

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74) How should I study state law?

State law is not “memorize trivia”—it’s mostly application:

• Agency disclosures, required forms/timing, disciplinary triggers, escrow/trust rules, advertising rules, licensing/renewal rules. Method:

• Read state outline and statutes summary from official sources.

• Build “trigger → duty” flashcards (e.g., “If buyer is a customer, what must you still disclose?”).
• Do state-only timed sets twice weekly.

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75) How do I avoid “mixing up” agency relationships?

Use a single decision tree you repeat until automatic:

• Who is represented? (buyer/seller/landlord/tenant/none)
• What creates agency? (agreement, conduct, state-specific rules)
• What duties are owed? (fiduciary vs statutory minimum) Then drill with short scenario questions. Practice testing and distributed practice outperform rereading.

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76) What contract clauses are tested the most?

Across most national outlines, expect heavy testing on:

• contract formation and enforceability,
• contingencies,
• default/remedies,
• disclosure obligations tied to contracts,
• timing/notice. Trap pattern: answers that are “true in general” but wrong under a specific clause/timing. Fix: always anchor to: offer → acceptance → consideration → capacity → legality → written if required.

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77) What financing concepts are most tested?

High-frequency financing concepts include:

• interest vs APR/finance charge, points, loan costs,
• LTV, PMI, FHA/VA broad differences,
• underwriting ratios, amortization basics. Example of official definition support: the finance charge includes total interest and loan charges over the life of the loan (assuming full term) and includes prepaid loan charges like points and origination fees (consumer-facing regulator explanation). Study tip: make a “loan cost bucket list” (what’s prepaid, what’s recurring, what’s escrowed, what’s finance charge).

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78) How deep do I need to know appraisal?

You need:

• core approaches (sales comparison, cost, income),
• basic steps and terminology,
• common adjustment logic (not advanced math). If your outline lists valuation topics explicitly, treat them as mandatory mastery. Trap pattern: confusing CMA with appraisal; confusing price vs value vs cost.

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79) What about federal fair housing and discrimination?

You must know the protected classes and prohibited practices. The Fair Housing Act prohibits discrimination in housing because of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, familial status, and disability. Exam traps: steering, blockbusting, “we don’t rent to…,” selective enforcement of rules, discriminatory advertising. Study method: turn each protected class into 3–5 scenario flashcards and practice identifying violations quickly.

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80) What about RESPA and referral fees?

Know the core prohibition: no giving or accepting a fee/kickback/thing of value for referral of settlement service business in connection with federally related mortgage loans; and no splitting charges except for actual services performed. Exam traps: “marketing fees” that are actually referral fees, sham service arrangements, unearned fees. Rule: if compensation is tied to referral volume and not bona fide services, it’s dangerous.

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81) How do I handle “except” and “not” questions?

This is a pure technique question:

• Circle/underline EXCEPT / NOT / LEAST / FALSE before reading choices.
• Rephrase: “Which option is the one that does not belong?”
• Use elimination: mark three “true” statements; the remaining is your answer. Time hack: if you forget it’s an EXCEPT question, you’ll pick the best true statement and lose the point—so train yourself to physically mark the stem.

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82) What’s the best pacing strategy?

Do pacing math using your actual time limit from your CIB (don’t guess). Universal pacing system:

• Pass 1 (fast): answer all easy/medium; skip hard math/time sinks (flag).
• Pass 2: return to flagged questions; do math carefully.
• Pass 3: final review only for flagged/uncertain; don’t second-guess correct answers without a clear reason. If remote has no breaks (MI), you must build micro-resets (10-second breathing, posture reset) into pacing.

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83) I have test anxiety—what should I do?

Treat anxiety as a performance variable you can train:

1. Simulate test conditions (timed, quiet, single sitting) so your body learns the environment.
2. Use CBT-style reframing + relaxation tools (deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, grounding). A university health resource recommends reframing negative thoughts and using relaxation methods like deep breathing.
3. Use retrieval practice and spacing to raise confidence (confidence reduces anxiety). Practice testing and distributed practice are high-utility study techniques. If anxiety is severe: consider professional support and accommodations if warranted.

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84) What should I do the week before the exam?

A high-ROI week looks like this:

• Day −7 to −4: 2–3 timed mixed sets + deep review of your error log (fix patterns, not random topics).
• Day −3: full simulation (or the longest timed set you can safely complete).
• Day −2: light review + state-law flashcards + math map.
• Day −1: logistics: IDs, route, PSI account login, system check if remote. PSI emphasizes system check and remote requirements. Also re-check your program rules on arrival time, prohibited items, and cancellation windows so you don’t lose your fee.

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12-Week PSI Real Estate Exam Study Plan for Working Professionals

This plan is built for people working full-time who need steady, repeatable progress (not cramming). It’s optimized around three learning principles that consistently outperform passive reading: practice testing (retrieval practice), spaced practice, and interleaving/mixed practice.

It also assumes the PSI ecosystem: your exam is administered by PSI Services LLC, and some states require eligibility/authorization to be loaded before you can schedule (often within 24–48 hours after the licensing authority sends it).

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1) Choose your weekly time budget (3 tracks)

Most working professionals succeed with 7–10 hours/week for 12 weeks, using a consistent cadence. Retrieval + spacing beats “one long weekend cram.”

Time tracks (pick one and stick to it)

How to customize to your state: your state’s PSI Candidate Information Bulletin (CIB) tells you exam structure (single vs national/state portions), time limits, and passing rules—don’t guess.

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2) One-time setup (do this in Week 1)

These steps prevent the biggest failure mode for working professionals: studying hard in the wrong direction.

Setup checklist

Scheduling note (don’t get stuck): for programs requiring authorization/eligibility, PSI indicates scheduling is typically available within 24–48 hours after the licensing authority sends it.

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3) Your weekly cadence (the engine you repeat for 12 weeks)

This weekly rhythm is designed for working adults: short sessions on weekdays, longer blocks on weekends, with spaced review baked in. Spacing + practice testing have strong evidence support.

The “Mon–Sun” schedule (Standard track)

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4) The core session method (what you do inside each study block)

A working professional’s edge is efficiency, not volume. Use this structure so every minute compounds.

Session template (60–75 minutes)

Key rule: your review time should be at least equal to your timed-practice time. That’s where the learning is.

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5) 12-week roadmap at a glance

This roadmap assumes the standard PSI-style content domains (ownership, contracts, agency, financing, etc.) and a likely national/state structure in many jurisdictions. Some states explicitly deliver national + state portions and require passing both.

12-week plan summary

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6) Week-by-week plan (detailed)

Week 1 — Blueprint + baseline + system build

Targets

• Accuracy baseline recorded (no shame; this is data).
• Flashcards: 60–100 total by end of week.
• Practice: 150–250 questions total.

Broker add-on (if applicable): add 30 minutes/week on brokerage operations/supervision topics from your state outline.

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Week 2 — Property + land use + valuation foundations

Weekly cadence

• 3 learning days (Mon/Tue/Thu): one domain per day
• Wed: mixed timed set
• Sat: 50–80 timed questions + deep review
• Sun: state-law deck + catch-up

Targets

• Practice: 250–350 questions
• Flashcards: +40–60 (state + definitions)
• First “mixed set” accuracy goal: 55–65% (timed)

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Week 3 — Financing essentials + disclosure basics

Targets

• Practice: 300–450 questions
• Math: 10 minutes/day, plus a 45-minute math block on Saturday
• Timed set pace: within +20% of your required min/Q pace (from your CIB)

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Week 4 — Contracts (heavy week)

Contracts are consistently one of the highest-yield domains across PSI-style blueprints, and it’s also where traps hide (void/voidable, timing, remedies).

Targets

• Practice: 400–600 questions (yes, heavy)
• Accuracy goal on contract-only sets: 70%+ untimed, 65%+ timed
• Flashcards: +30–50 contract rule cards

Checkpoint #1 (end of Week 4): If your mixed timed sets are <60%, you need more fundamentals before booking a test date. If ≥65%, you’re on track.

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Week 5 — Agency (and how PSI “tricks” people)

Agency errors are usually role-confusion errors, not lack-of-reading errors.

Targets

• Practice: 300–450 questions
• Create an “agency decision tree” (one page)
• Flashcards: +40 (agency duties + state-specific disclosure timing)

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Week 6 — Transfer/closing + practice-of-real-estate + calculations integration

This week converts knowledge into exam performance.

Targets

• One full timed “half-exam” simulation on Saturday (or two long timed sets)
• Accuracy goal: 70%+ on mixed timed sets
• Pacing: within +10% of required min/Q

Checkpoint #2 (end of Week 6): If you cannot finish timed sets, your priority is pacing training (not more reading).

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Week 7 — Mixed practice + interleaving (harder, but high ROI)

Interleaving (mixing problem types) improves your ability to choose the right method under pressure.

Targets

• Practice: 450–700 questions
• 2 timed sets midweek (Wed + Fri)
• Sat: timed set + review (review must be 100% complete)

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Week 8 — Exam mechanics week (timing, guessing discipline, fatigue control)

This is where working professionals often leap ahead—because your life already trained you to execute systems.

Targets

• Practice: 500–800 questions
• One full practice exam (or the closest equivalent per your state’s portion structure)
• Accuracy goal: 75%+ mixed timed

Checkpoint #3 (end of Week 8): If you’re ≥75% on timed mixed sets and your state-law deck is underway, you can tentatively book for Weeks 11–12 (assuming eligibility and scheduling are available). PSI notes eligibility-based scheduling is typically available within 24–48 hours after authorization is received.

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Week 9 — State law sprint (memorization + application)

Many states have a distinct state portion and require passing it (sometimes within a validity window).

Targets

• State-law flashcards: +80–150
• State-law practice: 200–400 questions
• Weekend: one state-law timed set + one national mixed timed set

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Week 10 — State law + national integration (two-portion strategy)

If your state is “National + State,” practice switching between them cleanly (many candidates fail because they study them in separate silos).

Targets

• Practice: 600–900 questions
• Accuracy goal: 80%+ on your weaker portion’s timed sets
• Sunday: “state law oral recall” (speak rule statements out loud—then check cards)

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Week 11 — Full simulations + final weak-spot repair

This week is about proving you’re ready under realistic conditions: time, fatigue, and strict review.

Targets

• Timed accuracy: ≥80% overall (or ≥10 points above your passing threshold)
• Finish with time buffer (even 5–10 minutes helps your stress)

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Week 12 — Taper + test-day readiness (calm execution)

Your goal is not to “learn new chapters.” Your goal is stable performance and zero logistical surprises.

PSI’s official test-taker guidance includes remote check-in timing (10–15 minutes; up to 15 minutes early), workspace rules (walled room; no one else; clean desk), and prohibitions (no prohibited electronics; talking/mouthing prohibited).

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7) Checkpoints + decision rules (don’t drift for 12 weeks)

These rules prevent the “I studied a lot but still failed” scenario.

Scheduling reality: PSI notes many appointments can be rebooked online and that typical rebooking rules are sponsor-specific; always check your program’s bulletin.

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8) Templates you should use (copy/paste)

A) Error log template (use daily)

Rule: every missed/guessed question generates either (a) a flashcard or (b) a math-rule entry.

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B) Flashcard deck structure (so it stays usable)

Spacing works best when your deck is organized and reviewed consistently.

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C) Math “one-page sheet” (update weekly)

Interleaved math practice improves strategy selection under pressure.

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